An Introduction to Human Disease, Seventh Edition

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Jones and Bartlett Health Sciences

Please read each question and select your answer from the choices provided. You must complete all of the questions in order to view your results. At the end of each exam, you have the option to e-mail your results to your instructor.

1: There are approximately ________ nephrons in one kidney.
	A: 100
	B: 1000
	C: 10000
	D: 100000
	E: 1000000

2: Common congenital malformations of the kidneys include:
	A: Malpositioning of the Kidneys
	B: Formation of extra ureters and renal pelves
	C: Renal agenesis
	D: Hydronephrosis
	E: A, B, and C

3: Which of the following statements regarding acute glomerulonephritis developing after a streptococcal infection is CORRECT?
	A: It results from a bacterial infection of the glomeruli.
	B: It is more likely to affect small children.
	C: The glomerular filtration rate is increased, leading to excess loss of fluid and electrolytes in the urine.
	D: It is usually associated with coexisting streptococcal infection of the bladder (cystitis).
	E: The most common type of the inflamation is immune-complex glomerulonephritis

4: Which of the following statements regarding the nephrotic syndrome is correct?
	A: Production of plasma proteins by the liver is impaired as a result of kidney disease
	B: The disease occurs most commonly in the elderly.
	C: It is commonly accompanied by severe edema, ascites, or hydrothorax.
	D: It is usually caused by renal tubular disease, which prevents reabsorption of protein filtered by the glomeruli.
	E: It is usually caused by a bacterial infection of the glomeruli, which impairs glomerular filtration.

5: Which of the following statements regarding congenital polycystic kidney disease is INCORRECT?
	A: It is transmitted as a mendelian recessive trait.
	B: Enlarging cysts within the kidneys eventually destroy kidney function.
	C: The kidneys become greatly enlarged.
	D: Most cases are caused by a mutation of PKD1.
	E: It may be complicated by infection or bleeding in kidney cysts.

6: Which of the following statements regarding urea is INCORRECT?
	A: It is a nitrogen-containing compound formed as a byproduct of protein metabolism.
	B: The concentration of urea in the blood is elevated in patients with renal failure.
	C: It is a waste product excreted by the kidney.
	D: If not filtered by the kidneys, it will be removed by the liver.

7: Which of the following diseases may damage the kidneys?
	A: Lupus erythematosus
	B: Gout
	C: Diabetes mellitus
	D: Infectious mononucleosis

8: In Arteriolar Nephrosclerosis, the kidneys are damaged by:
	A: Reduced oxygen content of blood
	B: Antigens carried within the blood
	C: A pre-existing infection of the bladder
	D: Decreased blood supply caused by thickening of the lumens
	E: Increased acidity of the blood.

9: Urinary Tract Infections are naturally defended against by all of the following EXCEPT:
	A: complete evacuation of the bladder
	B: acidity of urine
	C: large volume of urine
	D: the short length of the urethra.

10: The primary danger of pyelonephritis is:
	A: acute kidney failure
	B: chronic recurring scarring
	C: spread of infection into bloodstream
	D: increased acidity of urine

11: Modern methods of removing calculi from the kidneys include all of the following EXCEPT:
	A: Allowing them to pass on their own
	B: Surgical extraction
	C: Percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy
	D: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

12: The proportion of transplanted kidneys surviving for longer than five years is almost:
	A: 45%
	B: 27%
	C: 71%
	D: 36%
	E: 90%

13: The advantages of Peritoneal Dialysis include all of the following EXCEPT:
	A: Less disruption of lifestyle
	B: Constant filtering of the blood
	C: Decreased risk of peritonitis
	D: Can be self-administered

14: Symptoms of chronic uremia include:
	A: Edema
	B: Anemia
	C: Weakness
	D: Nausea
	E: All of the Above

15: Common forms of detecting kidney disorders include:
	A: urinalysis
	B: clearance tests
	C: x-ray examinations
	D: cystoscopy
	E: All of the Above

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